Bernard Critical Essay Gerts Ideal Moral Rationality Rule.

Professor Hooker is author of Ideal Code, Real World: A Rule-consequentialist Theory of Morality, editor of Rationality, Rules, and Utility, and Truth in Ethics, and co-editor of Well-Being and Morality, Morality, Rules, and Consequences, and Moral Particularism. He has also published a large number of articles, mostly in moral philosophy.

An ideal is a principle or value that an entity actively pursues as a goal and holds above other, more petty concerns perceived as being less meaningful. Terms relating to the general belief in ideals include ethical idealism, moral idealism, and principled idealism.

Although The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy has some excellent entries on specific topics relating to rationality (practical reasoning, moral reasoning, etc.), it is telling that no general entry on the subject is attempted. Even so, there are some books that, although hardly representing the whole range of issues and topics treated under the heading of “rationality,” provide useful.

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BERNARD GERT'S MORAL SYSTEM Bernard Gert means starts by defining 5 harms: (1) Death (2) Pain (3) Disability (4) Loss of Pleasure (5) Loss of Freedom This theory also provides a list of goods or benefits. These are: (1) Consciousness (2) Freedom (3) Ability (4) Pleasure Publicly Allow The other concept we need to understand before discussing morality is the concept of publicly allowing.

Moral rationalism, also called ethical rationalism, is a view in meta-ethics (specifically the epistemology of ethics) according to which moral principles are knowable a priori, by reason alone. Some prominent figures in the history of philosophy who have defended moral rationalism are Plato and Immanuel Kant.

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BERNARD GERT'S MORAL SYSTEM Bernard Gert means starts by defining 5 harms: (1) Death (2) Pain (3) Disability (4) Loss of Pleasure (5) Loss of Freedom This theory also provides a list of goods or benefits.

An important alternative theory responds to the fact that utilitarianism makes moral rightness depend upon what in fact would make people happy. According to Immanuel Kant, the ultimate principle of morality must be capable of guiding us to the right action in any circumstances.

Critical rationalism is modeled upon the Socratic method of critical inquiry. The sole function of critical argumentation and experience is to check whether our beliefs, claims, or theories are true or false. If we are lucky, we can show them to be false and eliminate them.

As with other deontologists (Thomas Hobbes and John Locke, for example), Kant held that the basis of our moral requirements is a standard of rationality. In the case of Kant, the standard is a categorical imperative. This single principle of rationality comprehensively includes all of our particular duties. Objections to Kantian deontology.

Systematic Moral Analysis This video introduces the concept of systematic moral analysis. Systematic moral analysis is a tool that helps us to think through ethically complex situations. The process of systematic moral analysis as described in the video is predicated on moral rule violations, which result in harm to another person or persons.